Cylinder-lock and key



(N0v Model.)

L. MOUAT, Jr. CYLINDER LOCK AND KEY.

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'LAURENCE MOUAT, JR., OF DENVER, COLORADO.

CYLINDER-LOCK AND KEY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,469, dated February 1, 1898. Application led May 15l 1897. i Serial No. 636,619. (No model.) l

description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use lthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this speciiication.

tumbler cylinder-locks and keys therefor, my object being to provide a lock of this class which it shall be impossible to pick or unlock except by a person holding the key therefor. To this end my improved key is transversely corrugated. and also provided with longitudinal corrugations or grooves, the latter being adapted to iit tongues formed on the rotatable plug and projecting into the key-slot. My improved lock is also provided with slotted plate-tumblers having beveled faces formed on either side of the slot to facilitate the entrance of the key. In addition to the special construction of the key and.` of the plate-tumblers my improved lock is provided with a novel master-key attachment which coperates with the usual pin-tumblers with which ordinary locks of this class are provided.

The invention will now be described in de-` tail, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section taken through my improved lock. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the master-key inserted. Fig. 3 illustrates the same construction with the ordinary key inserted. Fig. 4c is a transverse section taken on the line c, a., Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line x, Fig. l. Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line c c, Fig. 2, the key having been given a quarter-turn from the position shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section taken on the line y y, Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a cross-section taken on the line d d, Fig. 3, the key having been given a quarter-turn from the position shown in Fig. 3. Figs. 9

l and l0 are flat and edge views, respectively,

of the key. Fig. ll is a detail view of one of the plate-tumblers. Fig. 12 is a transverse section of the key.

Similar reference characters indicating corresponding parts in the drawings, let the numeral 5 designate the cylindrical case bored to receive the rotatable plug 6. The plug is provided with a number of transverse slots intersecting the key-slot. In these transverse slots are locatedI the plate-tumblers 7, having lugs 7a,adapted to engage longitudinal grooves 5?, formed in the ease. The lugs 7 of some of these plate-tumblers, say every other one, are My invention relates to improvements in adapted to project into one of the grooves 5' of the case, while the lugs 7 L of the other platetumblers project into the opposite grooves 5ft. Before the key is inserted the lugs 7 a all engage the grooves 5a, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 7. Each plate-tumbler is provided with a vertical slot 7C, wide enough to'receive the key, whose insertion actuates the tumblerssufiiciently t0 Withdraw all the lugs 7a from the grooves 5f* by virtue of the transverse corrugations with which the key is provided, thus allowing the plug 6 to turn with the key. This plug is provided-with the usual arm 6, attached to its inner extremity for operating the locking-bolt. (Not shown.) Each platetumbler is provided with a beveled face 7 d, formed on each side of the slot 7c to give the lock greater security. The angle of this beveled face of the plate-tumbler should conform to the inclination of the transverse corrugations of the key. The tumblers 7 should be beveled in such a manner as to form their edges on the opposite sides of the key-slot 7 c quite thin, thus allowing them to dip into or engage the sharp angles of the transverse key corrugations. Were it not for these thin beveled edges, or, in other words, if the edges of the tumbler on the opposite sides of the slot 7c were cut abruptly instead of beveled, the slot 7 C must necessarily be wider than the thickness of the key, since the blunt or thick edges of the plate-tumbler on opposite sides of the slot 7 C would bridge the interior angles of the transverse corrugations of the key insteadof going to the bottom of the said angular depressions. This construction of the plate-tumblers allows the entrance of 'the key when the slots 7c of the said tumblers are ICO slightly out of line with the key-slot in the rotatable plug. As the key is withdrawn from the lock the plate-tumblers are given a rej verse movement and the lugs 7 are again proplug 6.

jected into the grooves 5 of the case.

My improved lock is also provided with the usual pin-tumblers, each adapted to engage recesses formed in the case 5 and the plug 6. These recesses in the parts 5 and 6 register normally or before the plug is turned in the operation of throwing the bolt. The said pins are raised by the insertion of the key, whereby the lines separating the pins are made to coincide with the periphery of the plug, thus allowing the latter to turn in the case. The pins 8 are acted upon by coilsprings 9, placed in the recesses of the case above and engaging the uppermost pin of each recess.

In the master-key form of lock three pins areV required in one or more of the recesses. In my master-key construction a portion at least of the plug 6 is not circular or round in cross-section, or it may be more nearly accurate to state that in the master-key form of lock the plug 6 is formed of two or more distinct parts or members.

As shown in the drawings, a part or member 10, crescent-shaped in cross-section, is placed in the case above the plug and of such size and such proportion that when applied to the reduced portion of the plug it completes its cylindrical form. This crescentshaped member is apertured to receive the pin-tumblers, which are arranged in sets of three in this portion of the lock. As shown in the drawings, a single crescent-shaped member 10 is employed. This is suflicient for the simple master-key construction. If, however, it is desired to employ a grand masterkey, another crescent-shaped member will be necessary. For instance, by the employment of a single crescent-shaped member a series of locks, each constructed for a different individual key, may all be opened by the one master-key. Only the simple master-key construction is shown in the drawings; but this is sufficient to illustrate my master-key principle of lock construction.

My improved keyis provided with transverse corrugations A and longitudinal grooves B, which are of sufiicient depth to cut through the key at the apeXes 'of the corrugations. The transverse corrugations, as shown in the drawings, extend the entire width of the key, which is guided in the key-slot by tongues G, formed in the rotatable plug and projecting into the key-slot. These tongues 6 engage the longitudinal grooves B of the key when the latter is inserted.

The numeral 12 designates the ordinary or individual key of this construction'and the Vnumeral 13 the master-key. When the key 12 is inserted in the lock, (see Figs. 3 and 8,) the pins 8 are so arranged that the crescentshaped member 10 turns with the body of the When, however, the master-key is inserted in the lock, (see Figs. 2 and 6,) the pin-tumblers are so arranged that the plug turns independently of its crescent-shaped member. In order to permit the independent turning of the plug, the case must be provided with a space 5C above the lcrescentshaped tumbler, into which the latter retreats or rises as the plug turns. Above the member 10 of the plug and located in a slot 15, formed in the case, is a movable keeper 14, in which are formed recesses for the springs 9 and pin tumblers or drivers 8. Hence this movable keeper rises and falls with the crescent-shaped member of the plug and maintains the parts in operative relation'. In the upper part of the slot 15, above the keeper, is located a leaf-spring 16, which acts on the keeper and insures the proper performance of the latters function. The slot 15 is closed at the top by a removable slide 17, forming a part of the case.

The difference between the ordinary or day key 12 and the master-key 13 lies in thedifference between the bitting of the two keys or the formation of the notches on their upper edges. This feature is well understood and need not be further explained.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A key bitted on one edge and provided with transverse corrugations, and longitudinal grooves cutting entirely through the keyplate at the apeXes of the corrugations.

2. In a lock, the combination with the case having a suitable chamber and interiorly-located longitudinal grooves, a rotatable plug having a longitudinal key-slot, and transverse slots intersecting the key-slot, platetumblers located in said transverse slots and having lugs adapted to enter the grooves in the case,said tumblers being slotted to receive the key and having beveled faces adjacent their key-slots, and a key having transverse corrugations extending its entire width and longitudinal grooves cutting entirely through the key-plate at the apeXes of the corrugations, the plug being provided with interiorly-projecting longitudinal tongues to engage the longitudinal grooves of the key.

3. The combination of a key having transverse corrugations, a lock-case having a suitable chamber, and interiorly-located longitudinal grooves, a rotatable plug having a longitudinal key-slot and transverse slots intersectin g the key-slot, plate-tumblers located in said transverse slots and having lugs adapted to enter the grooves in the case, the said tum- IOO IIO

-blers being slotted to receive the key and havl and a' segmental member forming in effect a detached portion of the plug which is cut away on one side, said member having one or more apertures adapted to register with the recesses in the case and plug, the chamber in the case being enlarged on one side adjacent the plug to allow the segmental member to enter when the plug turns independently of said member, and plate-tumblers located in the transverse slots in the plug and having lugs adapted to enter the longitudinal grooves of the case, the

said plate-tumblers being slotted to receive the key.

5. In a master-key, cylinder-lock, the combination with the case having a suitable chamber and provided with interior longitudinal grooves, arotatable pluglocated in said chamber and having a suitable key-slot, and transverse slots intersecting the key-slot, pin-tumblers located in suitable recesses formed in the case and plu g,a segmental crescent-shaped member forming in eect a part of the rotatable plug, said member being apertured to register with recesses in the case and plug whereby the lock is adapted for use with two or more differently bitted keys, the plugchamber being enlarged on one side to receive the segmental member when the plug is moved independently thereof, and plate-tu mblers located in the transverse slots of the plug, said tumblers being slotted to receive the key and having lugs adapted to enter the grooves in the case.

6. In a master-key, pin-tumbler, cylinderlock, the combination with the case having a suitable chamber, of a rotatable plug located in said chamber and composed of a plurality of members, whereby the lock is adapted for use with two or more diiierently-bitted keys, pin tumblers located in suitable recesses formed in the case and plug members, the case-chamber being enlarged adjacent the plug forming a retreat for one part during the rotation of the other part, and a movable keeper -recessed to receive the drivers of the pin-tumblers, said keeper being located in a slot communicating with the said enlargement of the chamber.

7. In a master-key, pin-tumbler, cylinderlock, the combination with the case having a suitable chamber, of a rotatable plug located in said chamber and composed of a plurality of members, pin-tumblers located in suitable recesses formed in the case and plug members, the case-chamber being enlarged adjacent the plug to Vform a retreat for one part or member thereof during the rotation of the I other part, and a spring-held movable keeper recessed to receive the drivers of the pintumblers, said keeper being located in a slot or opening communicating with the said enlargement of the chamber.

8. In a master-key, pin-tumbler, cylinderlock, the combination ,with the case having a suitableohamber, of a rotatable plug located in the said chamber and composed of a plurality of members, pin-tumblers located in suitable recesses formed in the case and plug members, the case-chamber being enlarged adjacent the plug to form a retreat for one member thereof during the independent rotation of the othermember, amovable keeper recessed to receive the drivers of the pintumblers, said keeper being located in a slot or opening c ommunicating with the said enlargement of the chamber, a spring located above said keeper, and a detachable slide closing an opening in the case communicating with said slot.

9. In a master-key, pin-tumbler, cylinderlock, the combination with the case having a suitable chamber and provided with longitudinal grooves on opposite sides of the chamber, of a rotatable plug located in said chamber and composed of a plurality of members,

one member thereof being provided with a longitudinal key-slot and transverse slots intersecting the key-slot, a plurality of platetumblers located in said transverse slots, said tumblers being also slotted to register with the key-slot in the plug and provided with lugs on one side, the lug of one or more of the plate-tumblers being adapted to engage one groove in the case, and the lug of one or more of the other plate-tumblers being adapted to engage the opposite groove in the case, pin tumblers located in suitable recesses formed in the case and plug members, the casechamber being enlarged adjacent the plug to form a retreat for one part or member thereof during the rotation of the key-engaging part, a movable keeper recessed to receive the drivers of the pin-tumblers, said keeper being located in a-slot or opening communicating with said enlargement ot' the chamber.

ln testimony whereof I afx my signature in presence or" two witnesses.

LAURENCE MoUAT, JR.

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